Tech crucial factor shaping China-US ties

Beijing demonstrates innovativeness, adaptability despite Washington curbs

Technology competition remained at the center of US-China ties throughout 2025, as Washington expanded export controls in pursuit of AI supremacy while Beijing advanced self-reliance and championed global cooperation in technologies.

Semiconductors and artificial intelligence formed the front line of strategic competition between the world's two largest economies. The United States maintained and imposed restrictions on advanced chips and manufacturing equipment, implementing major expansions of its Entity List targeting Chinese companies.

In March, the US Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security added more than 80 companies, primarily from China, to its Entity List, focusing on companies in advanced integrated circuits, quantum computing and AI sectors.